Diagnosing holographic dark energy models with state. We embed models of holographic dark energy hde coupled to dark matter dm in minimal supergravity plus matter, with one chiral superfield. We investigate the observational signatures of the holographic dark energy models in this paper, including both the original model and a model with an interaction term between the dark energy and dark matter. We first delineate the dynamical behavior of such models, especially considering whether they would have a big rip for different parameters. Dark energy is just possibly the most important problem in all of physics. As it is not found in galaxies or clusters of galaxies, the whole universe is the natural and perhaps the only one laboratory to study it. Holographic dark information energy gets my vote for the best mix of arcane theoretical concepts expressed in the shortest number of words and just to keep it interesting, its mostly about. Pdf 333 k pdf plus 410 k revisiting holographic dark energy in cyclic cosmology. The desitter space associated with the accelerating universe poses serious problems for the formulation of string theory 15. Einsteins equations of general relativity modern notation. Ratio of the hubble functions of each coupled dark energy model to the hubble function for the reference.
In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space, tending to accelerate the expansion of the universe. Holographic dark energy density holographic dark energy density saadat, hassan 20110126 00. Natural simplest possibility, consistent with all data to date, is a constant. Holography, on the other hand does not utilize a lens to form a latent image.
The stability of the holographic dark energy in this case is also discussed. Moradpour b a physics department and biruni observatory, college of sciences, shiraz university, shiraz 71454, iran b research institute for astronomy and astrophysics of maragha riaam, maragha, p. The main existing explanations, namely the uvir connection argument of cohen et al, thomas bulk holography argument, and ngs spacetime foam argument, are shown to be not. Therefore, it will be very hard to produce it in accelerators. However, from the laymans point of view, there are two small problems with understanding dark energy when you call it dark energy. Banks and dine argue that all explanations for dark. Theory of dark energy and dark matter 3 we proceed as follows. Dark energy is the new terminology for the cosmological constant. It can be the interference pattern on a photographic plate from a threedimensional object, or the entropy impressed on the surface of a black hole, or a physical theory translated into another form. First, we have shown in ma and wang, 2014a a new cosmology theorem that our universe is a three dimensional sphere and is static, assuming the einstein general relativity and the cosmological principle that our universe is homogeneous and isotropic. Abstract the present work deals with holographic dark energy models with hubble horizon as the infrared cutoff. The statefinder diagrams characterize the properties of the holographic dark energy and show the discrimination between this scenario and other dark energy models. The interaction rate between dark energy and dark matter has been reconstructed with three different choices of the interaction term.
Revisiting holographic dark energy in cyclic cosmology. Dark energy is the winner of my personal award for the most misleading physics jargon of the 21st century. The soul aspect enters the realm of the underworlds, which are the spheres of collective unconsciousness. May 30, 2011 holographic dark information energy gets my vote for the best mix of arcane theoretical concepts expressed in the shortest number of words and just to keep it interesting, its mostly about. A model for holographic dark energy is proposed, following the idea that the short distance cuto. Introduction understanding the origin of dark energy is one of the most important quests in modern cosmology and fundamental physics. The entire soundgeneration as well as all its modulationsources are 100% true analogue. Ideas are gradually beginning to take shape on how concepts like holography and other deep insights uncovered in the past two decades may lead to new fundamental principles for cosmology. Dark energy is an asyet unexplained force that appears to be accelerating the expansion the universe. The holographic dark energy is identified with the modified gcg and we determine the corresponding holographic dark energy field and its potential. Evidence for its existence dates from the 1930s and is very solid. Holographic dark energy in order to describe the dark energy, we have to choose a candidate. The holographic dark energy model comes from a theoretical attempt to apply the holographic principle to the dark energy problem and follows the idea. This result is in excellent agreement with new data.
Nevertheless, we have investigated the consequences of this model when an holo graphic dark. Lis original holographic dark energy hde model is the first in good agreement with the observational data 3. We investigate a spatially flat friedmannrobertsonwalker frw universe where dark matter exchanges energy with a selfinteracting holographic dark energy sihde. Holographic dark information energy 30 may 2011, by steve nerlich the bubble nebula ngc 7635 it doesnt have a lot to do with holographic dark information energy, but you. In the holographic principle and dark energy, could the 2d. Apr 07, 2010 i have discussed dark energy, and the holographic principle.
Holographic dark energy and fr gravity article pdf available in physica scripta 832. Bianchi type iii holographic dark energy cosmological model. Introducing the theoretical ideas, observational methods and results, this textbook. Only use this power adaptor or an equal one with exactly the same specs.
A model for holographic dark energy is proposed, following the idea that the short distance cutoff is related to the infrared cutoff. We investigate a spatially flat friedmannrobertsonwalker frw cosmological model with cold dark matter coupled to a modified holographic ricci dark energy through a general interaction term linear in the energy densities of dark matter and dark energy, the total energy density and its derivative chimento. The interference pattern is captured by the film and processed. We investigate the origin of holographic dark energy models which were recently proposed to explain the dark energydominated universe. Jan 26, 2011 in this article we consider the cosmological model based on the holographic dark energy.
I like that this book is straight to the point but with detail in respect to the context of dark matter and dark energy. Dark matter an undetected form of mass that emits little or no light but whose existence we infer from its gravitational in. Dark energy is the most accepted hypothesis to explain the observations since the 1990s indicating that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. We construct m, n type holographic dark energy models at a phenomenological level, which can be viewed as a generalization of agegraphic models with the conformallike age as the holographic characteristic size. In this article we consider the cosmological model based on the holographic dark energy. Holographic dark energy model with modified generalized. Comparing holographic dark energy models with state. Considering the holographic dark energy hde with two different infrared ir cutoffs, we study the evolution of a cyclic universe, which avoids the bigrip singularity.
Contents vii 10 cosmic acceleration without dark energy 285 10. Dark energy is a diffuse, very weakly interacting with matter and very low energy phenomenon. In 2002, salvatore capozziello proposed the fundamental new point of view to dark energy. For some values of m, n the holographic dark energy can automatically evolve across. According to this principle 3, the degrees of freedom in a bounded system should be finite and does not scale by it volume but with its boundary era. Holographic dark energy density, international journal of. In spite of the similarity between the holographic dark energy model and chaplygin gas tachyon model, there exist differences. Predicted dark energy measurement article pdf available in entropy 153 april 2012 with 20 reads how we measure reads. We evaluate dark energy equation of state and the variation of gravitational constant of the theory such that the theory can be constrained. E4 at least 60 orders of magnitude too large for a bare cc to cancel these. We study dark energy density in universe with arbitrary spatially curvature described by the friedmannrobertsonwalker metric. Holographic dark energy with cosmological constant. Depending on the parameter c 2, the phantom regime can be achieved earlier or later compare with original version of.
Dark energy is bounded by something close to its observed. We consider the linear perturbation of holographic dark energy towards a dark energydominated universe. We also perform a statefinder diagnostic to the holographic dark energy model in cases of different c which given by three fits to observational data. Einsteins cosmological constant particle physics provides sources for such a constant but the energy scales associated with particle physics scale cutoffs and transitions give energy densities.
A new explanation is then proposed based on the ideas of thomas and ng. Holographic cutoff at hubble horizon gives modification to dark energy density. Together with shinichi nojiri, odintsov also proposed a generalized holographic dark energy model which includes eventually all possible variations over original holographic dark energy. The main existing explanations, namely the uvir connection argument of cohen et al. Interacting dark matter and holographic dark energy with.
Gravitational constant is modified with the nmdc coupling. It has been well established by today that the concept of holographic dark energy hde does entail a serious candidate for the dark energy of the universe. Introduction the origin of dark energy is an important issue in modern cosmology. It has a parameter c, so it is very important for the numerical value of c. Dark energy an unknown form of energy that seems to be the source of a repulsive force causing the expansion of the universe to. Citeseerx origin of holographic dark energy models. Our results show that, even in the absence of a mutual interaction between the cosmos sectors, the hde model with the hubble radius as ir cutoff can mimic a cosmological. We assume that the infrared cutoff relevant to the dark energy is the size of the event horizon. In particular, to be consistent with observations, we suppose that dark energy departs smoothly from a pure cosmological constant. First we calculate the evolution of eos parameter as well as the deceleration parameter in this generalized version of holographic dark energy ghde. The main existing explanations, namely the uvir connection argument of cohen et al, thomas bulk holography argument, and ngs spacetime foam argument, are shown to be not wholly satisfactory. The unknown constant in the holographic dark energy model is determined in terms of a recent conjecture. We investigate the observational signatures of the holographic darkenergy models, including both the original model and a model with an interaction term between the dark energy and dark matter. Here we deal with models where the holographic bound for dark energy is not saturated for a.
All holographic dark energy models, such as ricci dark energy models and secondorder invariants, are contained in the above classes of generalized holographic frameworks. Holographic dark energy linearly interacting with dark matter. Its unexpected and counterintuitive discovery in the late 1990s was initially met with skepticism, but further studies have. The free kinetic term is allowed to be canonical and phantom. Ashera star goddess does a wonderful job describing the ways in which we can create the life we want using dark energy. Dark energy theory and observations dark energy, the mysterious cause of the accelerating expansion of the universe, is one of the most important. We consider the holographic dark energy model in which the model parameter c 2 evolves slowly with time. Holographic dark energy with time varying parameter c 2. Connect the included power adaptor to the 15v ac socket in the rear panel of dark energy.
Thomas has suggested that using the holographic principle to count the available. Now a paragraph, on ipmu, which is the institute for the physics and mathematics of the universe, university of tokyo, which started oct. A note on holographic dark energy gao shan institute of electronics, chinese academy of sciences longzeyuan 243501, changping district, beijing 102208, p. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. The eld equations for bianchi tupe iii space time are 4. Making use of the hp and the dimensional analysis, we derive the general formula of the energy density of hde. A thermodynamic approach to holographic dark energy. Holography, dark energy and entropy of large cosmic structures. The hologram is then illuminated with laser light transmission or white light reflection.
The braneworld model proposed by dvali, gabadadze and porrati leads to an accelerated universe without cosmological constant or other form of dark energy. We use chevallierpolarskilinder parametrization to specify dark energy density. Only the usbmidi interface uses, of course, digital components. Dark energy is a monophonic analogue synthesizer with usb and midi interface. The holographic dark energy model comes from a theoretical attempt to apply the holographic principle to the dark energy problem and follows the idea that the short distance cutoff or ultraviolet. Holographic principle and dark energy article pdf available in physics letters b 61012.
Dark energy is housed in a rugged black steel case with wooden sidepanels. This is the chaotic realm of demonic hierarchies, animalistic, vulgar and grotesque creations. The uv cutoff is related to the vacuum energy and the ir cutoff is related to the large scale of the universe. I have discussed dark energy, and the holographic principle. Wayne hu chicago, january 2016 the future of cosmological physics. It relies on the principle of interference to produce an image. The following papper discusses all dark energy models except holography dark energy. This thread is related to we are in a schwarzschild black.
The present paper reports a holographic reconstruction scheme for \ft,\mathcalt\ gravity proposed in harko et al. Introducing the theoretical ideas, observational methods and. Pdf holographic dark energy in the dgp model norman. Then, we describe the properties of hde model, in which the future event horizon is chosen as the characteristic. Co 1 oct 20 planck constraints on holographic dark energy miao li,1,2,3. Making use of the hp and the dimensional analysis, we. Galaxies free fulltext explaining holographic dark energy.
In this letter we choose the holographic energy to describe the dark energy. When this merge with collective unconscious occurs, dark, chaotic, shadow bodies start to emerge and multiply. Difference from other holographic dark energy theories there have been previous attempts to explain dark energy with theories that invoke the holographic principle, see, for example references 57. It is shown that the coupling parameter of the interaction term should evolve with redshift to. For this purpose, we introduce the spacetime foam uncertainty of. Specifying to the case c 1 when the holographic dark energy approaching to a constant in the far future, and plugging the optional value. Features of holographic dark energy under combined. The people that are interested in holography and dark energy probably know better than me on how to search for papers on holographic dark energy. Then, we describe the properties of hde model, in which the future event horizon is chosen as. The physical origin of holographic dark energy hde is investigated. The possible holographic origin of dark energy is investigated.
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